Table of Contents
NOTE: Both Brief and Comprehensive Tables of Contents are listed below.
BRIEF CONTENTS
Part I: Getting Started
1. An Introduction to Writing
2. The Reading-Writing Connection
Part II: Sentence Basics and Development
4. Complete Sentences Versus Fragments
5. Run-On Sentences and Comma Splices
6. Combining and Expanding Your Ideas
7. Using Adjectives and Adverbs to Describe
8. Using Modifiers to Add Detail
Writers’ Workshops: Using Language Effectively
Part III: Common Sentence Problems and How to Avoid Them
9. Revising Confusing and Inconsistent Sentences
10. Using Verbs Correctly
Writers’ Workshops: Digital Literacy in the Wired Classroom
Part IV: Paragraph Basics, Development, and Revision
11. Planning and Organizing
12. Drafting and Revising
13. Developing, Arranging, and Connecting Details
14. Using Methods of Organization
Writers’ Workshops: Using Visuals in Your Writing
15. Revising Paragraphs
Part V: Essay Basics, Development, and Common Problems
16. Essay Basics and Development
17. Avoiding Common Problems in Essays
Part VI: A Thematic Reader
Part VII: Reviewing the Basics
COMPREHENSIVE CONTENTS
Part I: GETTING STARTED
Chapter 1. An Introduction to Writing
Writing Understanding What Writing Is and Is Not
Beginning Tips for Generating Ideas
Beginning Tips for Organizing Your Ideas
Writing Paragraphs
Writing Essays
A Sample Student Essay “The Allure of Reality TV”
Practical Advice for Getting Started
Self-Test Summary
Chapter 2. The Reading-Writing Connection
Exploring The Reading-WRITING- Critical Thinking Connection Previewing Before Reading
Reading “Studying for Exams: Cramming Is Not an Option,” Saundra K. Ciccarelli and J. Noland White
Reading for Meaning
How to Handle Difficult Readings
How to Record Your Thinking: Marking and Annotation
Using Idea Maps
Preparing to Write: Thinking Critically
How to Write About a Reading
Writing About a Reading Interactive Reading: Thinking Before and Responding During Reading
Reading “How Should We Allocate Scarce Kidneys?” Michael D. Johnson
Writing in Response to Reading
Examining the Reading Using an Idea Map / Strengthening Your Vocabulary / Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing
Writing About the Reading
A Reading Self-Test Summary
Chapter 3. Expanding Your Vocabulary
Vocabulary Get the Right Tools
Use Context Clues to Figure Out Unfamiliar Words
Pay Attention to Word Parts
Learn Idioms
Develop a System for Learning New Words
Writing About a Reading Interactive Reading: Thinking Before and Responding During Reading
Reading “Afghanistan: Where Women Have No Choice,” Kevin Sieff
Writing in Response to Reading
Examining the Reading Using an Idea Map / Strengthening Your Vocabulary / Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing
Writing About the Reading
Self-Test Summary
Writers’ Workshop #1 You’re a Great Writer? Your a Great Writer?
Don’t Make These Common Mistakes
Writers’ Workshop #2 There Are Some Things Not to Do . . .
Such as Overusing There Is and There Are
Writers’ Workshop #3 Good Writing Is When . . .
You Don’t Use Is When
Writers’ Workshop #4 What Makes a Good Sentence?
One Possible Answer: Not Using the Verb Make
Writers’ Workshop #5 An Essay Is Not a Text Message
Formal Versus Informal Writing
Part II: SENTENCE BASICS AND DEVELOPMENT
Chapter 4. Complete Sentences Versus Fragments
Writing What Is a Fragment?
Subjects and Fragments
Verbs and Fragments
Clauses and Fragments
How to Spot and Revise Fragments: A Brief Review
Paragraph Writing Scenarios
Writing About a Reading Interactive Reading: Thinking Before and Responding During Reading
Reading “Tails in Jail,” Denise Flaim
Writing in Response to Reading
Examining the Reading Using an Idea Map
Strengthening Your Vocabulary / Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing
Writing About the Reading
Self-Test Summary
Chapter 5. Run-On Sentences and Comma Splices
Writing The Function of Punctuation: How to Use It Correctly
Run-On Sentences
Comma Splices
Paragraph Writing Scenarios
Writing About a Reading Interactive Reading: Thinking Before and Responding During Reading
Reading “I Killed People in Afghanistan. Was I Right or Wrong?” Timothy Kudo
Writing in Response to Reading
Examining the Reading Using an Idea Map / Strengthening Your Vocabulary / Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing
Writing About the Reading
Self-Test Summary
Chapter 6. Combining and Expanding Your Ideas
Writing Understanding Independent and Dependent Clauses
Combining Ideas of Equal Importance
Combining Ideas of Unequal Importance
Writing Compound-Complex Sentences
Paragraph Writing Scenarios
Writing About a Reading Interactive Reading: Thinking Before and Responding During Reading
Reading “Bundle of Trouble,” Robin W. Simon
Writing in Response to Reading
Examining the Reading Using an Idea Map / Strengthening Your Vocabulary / Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing
Writing About the Reading
Self-Test Summary
Chapter 7. Using Adjectives and Adverbs to Describe
Writing Using Adjectives to Describe
Using Adverbs to Describe
Using Adjectives and Adverbs to Compare
Paragraph Writing Scenarios
Writing About a Reading Interactive Reading: Thinking Before and Responding During Reading
Reading “The Games People Play,” John J. Macionis
Writing in Response to Reading
Examining the Reading Using an Idea Map / Strengthening Your Vocabulary / Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing
Writing About the Reading
Self-Test Summary
Chapter 8. Using Modifiers to Add Detail
Writing Using Prepositional Phrases to Add Detail
Using -ing Phrases to Add Detail
Using Who, Which, and That Relative Clauses to Add Detail
Paragraph Writing Scenarios
Writing About a Reading Interactive Reading: Thinking Before and Responding During Reading
Reading “The Little Warrior,” Lucille O’Neal
Writing in Response to Reading
Examining the Reading Using an Idea Map / Strengthening Your Vocabulary / Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing
Writing About the Reading
Self-Test Summary
Writers’ Workshops: Using Language Effectively
Writers’ Workshop #6 Don’t (-_-) Be (^_^) (Translation: Don’t Worry, Be Happy)
Convey Your Feelings with Words, Not Emoticons
Writers’ Workshop #7 86 the Slang, OK?
Write in Standard English
Writers’ Workshop #8 Stop Beating a Dead Horse:
Avoid Trite Expressions and Clichés
Writers’ Workshop #9 Stop Repeating Yourself and Eliminate Redundancy
Say It Once, Effectively
Writers’ Workshop #1 Let Everyone into Your Writing
Avoiding Sexist Language
Part III: COMMON SENTENCE PROBLEMS AND HOW TO AVOID THEM
Chapter 9. Revising Confusing and Inconsistent Sentences
Writing Using Pronouns Clearly and Correctly
Avoiding Shifts in Person, Number, and Verb Tense
Avoiding Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers
Using Parallelism
Paragraph Writing Scenarios
Writing About a Reading Interactive Reading: Thinking Before and Responding During Reading
Reading “Waste Woes,” Chris Jozefowicz
Writing in Response to Reading
Examining the Reading Using an Idea Map / Strengthening Your Vocabulary / Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing
Writing About the Reading
Self-Test Summary
Chapter 10. Using Verbs Correctly
Writing Using Verb Tenses Correctly
Using Irregular Verbs Correctly
Avoiding Subject-Verb Agreement Errors
Using Active Instead of Passive Voice
Paragraph Writing Scenarios
Writing About a Reading Interactive Reading: Thinking Before and Responding During Reading
Reading “Sweatshops at Sea,” Virginia Sole-Smith
Writing in Response to Reading
Examining the Reading Using an Idea Map / Strengthening Your Vocabulary / Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing
Writing About the Reading
Self-Test Summary
Writers’ Workshop #11 A Computer on Every Desk
Digital Literacy in Today's Classroom
Writers’ Workshop #12 It Isn't True Just Because It's on the Internet
Evaluating Online Source Materials
Writers’ Workshop #13 If It's Online, It's Always There
Communication and Self-Presentation in a Digital Age
Writers’ Workshop #14 Finding the Help You Need
Useful Online Resources
Part IV: PARAGRAPH BASICS, DEVELOPMENT, AND REVISION
Chapter 11. Planning and Organizing
Writing Choosing a Topic
Keeping Your Reader in Mind
Generating Ideas
Organizing Your Ideas
A Student Essay “I Don’t Want a Promotion,” Jessica Nantka
Examining Student Writing
Paragraph Writing Scenarios
Writing About a Reading Interactive Reading: Thinking Before and Responding During Reading
Reading “Living in the United States of Food Waste”
Ira Sager
Writing in Response to Reading
Examining the Reading Using an Idea Map / Strengthening Your Vocabulary / Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing
Writing About the Reading
Self-Test Summary
Chapter 12. Drafting and Revising
Writing Choosing a Manageable Topic
Writing Topic Sentences
Developing the Paragraph
Revising Paragraphs
Revision Checklist
Writing in Progress: Three Versions of “Professional Athletes as Role Models,” Jacob Frey
Student Essay: First Draft Showing Revisions / Student Essay: Second Draft Showing Revisions / Student Essay: Final Draft
Examining Student Writing
A Student Essay “Pinterest: Social Media with a Twist,” Jessica Beebe
Examining Student Writing
Paragraph Writing Scenarios
Writing About a Reading Interactive Reading: Thinking Before and Responding During Reading
Reading “Finding a Mate: Not the Same as It Used to Be,”
James M. Henslin
Writing in Response to Reading
Examining the Reading Using an Idea Map / Strengthening Your Vocabulary / Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing
Writing About the Reading
Revision Checklist
Self-Test Summary
Chapter 13. Developing, Arranging, and Connecting Details
Writing Developing a Paragraph Using Specific Details
Methods of Arranging Details
A Student Essay “Leadership: Moving Others Forward,”
Sarah Frey
Examining Student Writing
Paragraph Writing Scenarios
Writing About a Reading Interactive Reading: Thinking Before and Responding During Reading
Reading “A Brother’s Murder,” Brent Staples
Writing in Response to Reading
Examining the Reading Using an Idea Map / Strengthening Your Vocabulary / Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing
Writing About the Reading
Revision Checklist
Self-Test Summary
Chapter 14. Using Methods of Organization
Writing Methods of Organization
A: Narration
What Is Narration? / How to Develop a Narrative Paragraph /
How to Organize a Narrative Paragraph
B: Description
What Is Description? / How to Develop a Descriptive Paragraph /
How to Organize a Descriptive Paragraph
C: Example
What Is an Example? / How to Develop an Example Paragraph /
How to Organize an Example Paragraph
D: Definition
What Is Definition? / How to Develop a Definition Paragraph /
How to Organize a Definition Paragraph
E: Comparison and Contrast
What Are Comparison and Contrast? / How to Develop a Comparison or Contrast Paragraph / How to Organize a Comparison or Contrast Paragraph
F: Classification
What Is Classification? / How to Develop a Classification Paragraph /
How to Organize a Classification Paragraph
G: Process
What Is Process? / How to Develop a Process Paragraph / How to Organize a Process Paragraph
H: Cause and Effect
What Are Cause and Effect? / How to Develop a Cause-and-Effect Paragraph / How to Organize a Cause-and-Effect Paragraph
I: Argument
What Is Argument? / How to Develop an Argument Paragraph / How to Organize an Argument Paragraph
J: Using Multiple Methods of Organization
How Can a Paragraph Use Multiple Methods of Organization? / How to Develop a Multi-Method Paragraph
A Student Essay “Employment: Not Just a Post-Graduation Agenda,” Aurora Gilbert
Examining Student Writing
Paragraph Writing Scenarios
Writing About a Reading Interactive Reading: Thinking Before and Responding During Reading
Reading “In a Sea of Smartphones, Going Off the Grid,” Aaron Marks
Writing in Response to Reading
Examining the Reading Using an Idea Map / Strengthening Your Vocabulary / Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing
Writing About the Reading
Revision Checklist
Self-Test Summary
Writers’ Workshop #15 A Picture’s Worth a Thousand Words
Using Visual Aids to Help Your Readers
Writers’ Workshop #16 Thinking Like an Artist
Using Visual Aids to Support Your Ideas: Be Creative
Writers’ Workshop #17 So Many Images, So Little Space
Finding Visuals to Accompany Your Writing
Writers’ Workshop #18 Watch Out for Photoshop…
Using Visual Aids Ethically
Writers’ Workshop #19 Context + Captions = Good Communication
Providing Context for and Writing Captions to Accompany Visual Aids
Chapter 15. Revising Paragraphs
Writing Does the Topic Sentence Express a Point of View?
Is the Topic Sentence Too Broad?
Is the Topic Sentence Too Narrow?
Does the Paragraph Stray from the Topic?
Are There Enough Supporting Details?
Does Every Detail Belong?
Are the Details Arranged and Developed Logically?
Is the Paragraph Balanced?
Is the Paragraph Repetitious?
A Student Essay “Balancing the Extremes: Finding an Adult Diet Through Trial and Error,” Chase Beauclair
Examining Student Writing
Paragraph Writing Scenarios
Writing About a Reading Interactive Reading: Thinking Before and Responding During Reading
Reading “You Can’t Be Thin Enough: Body Images and the Mass Media,” James M. Henslin
Writing in Response to Reading
Examining the Reading Using an Idea Map / Strengthening Your Vocabulary / Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing
Writing About the Reading
Revision Checklist
Self-Test Summary
Part V: ESSAY BASICS, DEVELOPMENT, AND COMMON PROBLEMS
Chapter 16. Essay Basics and Development
Writing An Overview of the Essay
The Structure of an Essay
Planning Your Essay
Writing Strong Thesis Statements
Supporting Your Thesis with Substantial Evidence
A Student Essay “A Lifestyle of Commitment,” Catherine Lee
Examining Student Writing
Making Connections Among Your Ideas Clear
Writing the Introduction, Conclusion, and Title
Writing Essay-Exam Answers
Essay Writing Scenarios
Interactive Reading: Thinking Before and Responding During Reading
Writing About a Reading Reading “Is Lying Bad for Us?” Richard Gunderman
Writing in Response to Reading
Examining the Reading Using an Idea Map / Strengthening Your Vocabulary / Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing
Writing About the Reading
Revision Checklist
Self-Test Summary
Chapter 17. Avoiding Common Problems in Essays
Writing Problem #1: The Topic Is Too Broad
Problem #2: The Topic Is Too Narrow
Problem #3: The Thesis Statement Needs Revision
Problem #4: The Essay Is Underdeveloped
Problem #5: The Essay Is Disorganized
Using Maps to Guide Your Revision
Seeking Further Help
A Student Essay “Breaking Down Barriers with Stories,” Amanda Keithley
Examining Student Writing
Essay Writing Scenarios
Writing About a Reading Interactive Reading: Thinking Before and Responding During Reading
Reading “Irreconcilable Dissonance: The Threat of
Divorce as the Glue of Marriage,” Brian Doyle
Writing in Response to Reading
Examining the Reading Using an Idea Map / Strengthening Your Vocabulary / Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing
Writing About the Reading
Revision Checklist
self-test summary Self-Test Summary
and Practice Editing Practice
Part VI: A THEMATIC READER
Theme 1 Dating and Relationships
Reading: “Love is a Four-Number Word,” Rebecca Eckler
Reading: “Making Connections in Our Connected World,” Brian Westover
Theme 2 Surveillance Monitoring
Reading: “A Surveillance Society,” William E. Thompson and Joseph V. Hickey
Reading: “Smile, the Government Is Watching: Next Generation Identification,” The Huffington Post
Theme 3 Bullying
Reading: “Emotional Troubles for ‘Cyberbullies’ and Victims,” Denise Mann
Reading: “The Silent Epidemic: Workplace Bullying,” Ray Williams
Part VII: REVIEWING THE BASICS
Guide to Reviewing the Basics
Overview
A. Understanding the Parts of Speech
A.1 Nouns
A.2 Pronouns
A.3 Verbs
A.4 Adjectives
A.5 Adverbs
A.6 Conjunctions
A.7 Prepositions
A.8 Interjections
B. Understanding the Parts of Sentences
B.1 Subjects
B.2 Predicates
B.3 Complements
B.4 Basic Sentence Patterns
B.5 Expanding the Sentence with Adjectives and Adverbs
B.6 Expanding the Sentence with Phrases
B.7 Expanding the Sentence with Clauses
B.8 Basic Sentence Classifications
C. Using Punctuation Correctly
C.1 End Punctuation
C.2 Commas
C.3 Unnecessary Commas
C.4 Colons and Semicolons
C.5 Dashes, Parentheses, Hyphens, Apostrophes, Quotation Marks
D. Managing Mechanics and Spelling
D.1 Capitalization
D.2 Abbreviations
D.3 Hyphenation and Word Division
D.4 Numbers
D.5 Suggestions for Improving Spelling
D.6 Six Useful Spelling Rules
E. Commonly Misused Words and Phrases
