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Juvenile Justice in America, 4th Edition by Clemens Bartollas, Emeritus, University of North Carolina Stuart J. Miller, Ph.D., Washington and Jefferson College ZIP OR PDF for sale 

Table of Contents

(NOTE: Each chapter ends with Summary, Websites of Interest, Critical Thinking Questions, and Notes.

I. INTRODUCTION.

 1. Juvenile Justice: An Overview.

What Are the Historical Themes of Juvenile Justice? What Are the Juvenile Justice Agencies and Functions? How Are Juvenile Offenders Processed? What Are the Main Challenges to the Juvenile Justice System?

 2. The Measurement of Juvenile Crime and Victimization.

What Are Official Measurements of Juvenile Crime? What Are Unofficial Measurements of Juvenile Crime? How Much Drug Use is There Among Juveniles? What Are the Dimensions of Law-Violating Behaviors? What about Juvenile Victims?

 3. Causes of Juvenile Crime.

What Is the Relationship between Theory and Research? Is Juvenile Crime Rational Behavior? How Has Determinism Influenced the Development of the Positive School? How Does Integrated Theory Explain Juvenile Crime?

II. THE SYSTEM AND EARLY DECISION MAKING.

 4. The Police.

What Is the History of Police-Juvenile Relations? Have Juveniles' Attitudes Toward the Police Changed? How Do the Police Respond to Youthful Lawbreakers? What Legal Rights Do Juveniles Have with the Police? How Does the Police Organization Function? What Are the Special Challenges Facing the Police in the Community?

 5. The Juvenile Court.

What Is the Tradition Behind the Juvenile Court? How Did the Juvenile Court Develop? How Have Legal Norms Changed? How Is the Status Offender Controlled? What Are the Pretrial Procedures of the Juvenile Court?

 6. Juvenile Trial and Disposition.

Who Are the Juvenile Courtroom Players? What Are Other Stages of the Juvenile Court Proceedings? What Right Does the Child Have to Appeal? What Is the Juvenile Sentencing Structure? What Would Justice for Juveniles Look Like?

 7. Juveniles in Adult Court.

Children or Adults? How Does Transfer to Adult Court Take Place? How Does a Youthful Offender System Work? What Is Life Like for a Juvenile Sent to Prison? Should Juveniles Be Put to Death? What Is a Proposed Adult Court for Juveniles?

III. COMMUNITY-BASED CORRECTIONS.

 8. Juvenile Probation.

How Did Probation Develop? How Is Probation Administered? What Are the Functions of Probation Services? How about Risk Control and Crime Reduction? How Do Probation Officers Do Their Jobs? What Are the Rights of Probationers? What Is the Role of Volunteers in Probation? Is Probation Effective?

 9. Community-Based Programs.

How Have Community-Based Programs Evolved? What Has Been the Community's Acceptance of Community-Based Programs? How Are Community-Based Programs Administered? What Is the Role of Delinquency Prevention? What Is the Role of Diversion? How Do Day Treatment Programs Operate? How Do Group Homes Operate? What Are Wilderness Programs? Are Community-Based Programs Effective?

10. Juvenile Aftercare.

What Is the Definition and Scope of Juvenile Aftercare? How Does Juvenile Aftercare Operate? What Are the Main Responsibilities of Aftercare Officers? What Are Interstate Compacts? How Can Aftercare Be Improved?

IV. INSTITUTIONALIZATION.

11. Juvenile Institutionalization.

What Is the History of Juvenile Confinement? What Are Twentieth-Century Changes in Juvenile Confinement? What Are the Short-Term Confinement of Juveniles? What Are the Long-Term Confinement of Juveniles? What Are the Troubling Aspects of Juvenile Institutionalization? Do Institutionalized Youths Have Rights?

12. Treatment Technologies.

What Is the Treatment Debate? How Are Youthful Offenders Classified? What Are the Main Treatment Technologies? What Is Treatment Effectiveness So Difficult to Attain?

V. TOWARD AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE YOUTHFUL OFFENDER.

13. Juvenile Gangs.

How Have Gangs Evolved in the United States? What Is Important to Know about Urban Street Gangs? What Are Emergent Street Gangs? How Is Gang Involvement Toxic? What Can Communities Do to Prevent and Control Youth Gangs?

14. The Juvenile Offender.

What Are Problem Behaviors among Adolescents? Who Can Be Defined as Noncriminial Youths? Who Are Irresponsible Youths? Who Are Situational Offenders? What Categories Make Up Drug and Alcohol Users? What Are Chronic Offenders? What Are the Limitations to This Classification Scheme?

VI. THE INTERNATIONAL SCENE.

15. International Juvenile Justice.

What Are the Beijing Rules? How Do Industrialized Nations Handle Juvenile Crime? How Do Emerging Nations Handle Juvenile Crime?

VII. THE FUTURE.

16. Juvenile Justice in the Twenty-first Century.

How Do the Problems of Modern Society Affect Youths at Risk? Why Is It Hard for a Juvenile Offender to "Go Straight"? What Problems Are There in the Administration of Juvenile Justice? What Will Juvenile Justice Look Like in the Twenty-First Century? What Is a Viable Credo for Juvenile Justice in the Next One Hundred Years?

Name Index

Subject Index

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