Table of Contents
Brief Table of Contents
1. Approaches to Teaching Reading
2. The Social and Cultural Contexts for Teaching All Children to Read
3. What Reading Teachers Need to Know About Language
4. Emergent Literacy
5. Phonics and Word Knowledge
6. Helping Readers Build Fluency
7. The Importance of Vocabulary Development
8. Reading Comprehension, Part I: Making Sense of Literature
9. Reading Comprehension, Part II: Understanding and Learning with Informational Texts
10. Critical Thinking and Critical Literacy
11. Teaching Children to Spell and Write
12. Assessing Literacy
13. Integrating Language and Literacy Instruction Across the Grades
14. Models and Strategies for Teaching ESL and for Teaching Reading in the Mother Tongue
Appendix A: Addressing the Common Core Standards
Appendix B: Teach It! Instructional Activities
References
Glossary
Name Index
Subject Index
Detailed Table of Contents
1. Approaches to Teaching Reading
Why Does Literacy Matter?
How Well Do Children in the United States Read?
Components of Reading Ability
Phases of Reading Development
The Recent History of Reading Instruction: How We Got Where We Are
2. The Social and Cultural Contexts for Teaching All Children to Read
The Social Contexts of Literacy
Planning for a Literate Classroom
Meeting the Literacy Needs of All Children
Response to Intervention (RTI)
Finding the Books and Materials They Want to Read
3. What Reading Teachers Need to Know About Language
Phonology: The Sounds of English
Morphology: How English Words Are Built
Vocabulary: Words and Their Meanings
Syntax: Ordering and Inflecting Classes of Words
Text Structure
4. Emergent Literacy
What Is Emergent Literacy?
Language-Based Learning and Emergent Literacy
Print-Based Learning and Emergent Literacy
Comprehensive Strategies to Nurture Emergent Literacy
Teaching Specific Skills
Environmental Strategies to Support
Emergent Literacy
Involving Families in Emergent Literacy
5. Phonics and Word Knowledge
What Is Phonics? What Is Word Knowledge?
Words as Wholes: The Logographic Phase
Letter-by-Letter Reading: The Alphabetic Phase
Chunking: The Orthographic Phase
Meaningful Word Parts: The Morphological Phase
Word Histories and Families: The Derivational Phase
Helping Students Read Words in Context
6. Helping Readers Build Fluency
Fluency in Reading
Modeling Fluent Oral Reading
Supporting Children’s Reading for Fluency
Practicing Fluency With and Without the Teacher’s Guidance
Embedding Repeated Reading in Performance
7. The Importance of Vocabulary Development
What Is Vocabulary?
What Does the Research Say About Vocabulary?
Teaching Vocabulary
Teaching Strategies for Independent Word Learning
8. Reading Comprehension, Part 1: Making Sense of Literature
How Students Understand Literature
Teaching for Comprehension: General Strategies
Teaching for Comprehension: Specific Skills
Close Reading
Assessing Comprehension
9. Reading Comprehension, Part II: Understanding and Learning with Informational Texts
Characteristics of Informational Texts
Understanding How Readers Comprehend Informational Texts
Teaching Students to Use Features of Informational Texts
Teaching with Informational Texts
Classrooms That Develop Independent Learners
10. Critical Thinking and Critical Literacy
Critical Thinking and Critical Literacy
Looking Critically at Works of Literature
Thinking Critically About Texts Other Than Stories
Teaching Strategies for Critical Thinking
11. Teaching Children to Spell and Write
Spelling Development and Assessment
Teaching Children to Spell
A Writing Process in Five Parts
Writing in Different Genres
Assessment of Writing
Writing to Learn
12. Assessing Literacy
What Is Assessment and Why Do We Assess?
Approaches to Assessment
Terms Used in Testing
Assessing Emergent Readers
Assessing Beginning Readers and Beyond
Other Uses of Assessment
13. Integrating Language and Literacy Instruction Across the Grades
Teaching Print Concepts and Phonological Awareness in Context
Teaching Phonics in Context
Teaching Morphology in Context
Teaching Grammar in Context
Teaching Text Structure
14. Models and Strategies for Teaching ESL and for Teaching Reading in the Mother Tongue
Options for Teaching the English Language Learner
Major Principles of Second-Language Acquisition
Instructional Strategies for Second-Language Acquisition
Options for Teaching the English Language Learner to Read
Mother Tongue Support in the Bilingual Classroom
Appendix A: Addressing the Common Core Standards
Appendix B: Teach It! Instructional Activities
References
Glossary
Name Index
Subject Index
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